Narcolepsy with cataplexy type 19/25/2023 ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() Myotonic dystrophy as an example of neuromuscular diseases with triplete genetic component and increased daytime sleepiness EDS and predominantly cataplexy can be a symptom of neurometabolic disorders such as Niemann-Pick type C disease. Genetic disorders: daytime sleepiness may be a symptom of different chromosomal abnormalities and microdeletion syndromes like Smith-Magenis, Prader-Willi, fragile X, or Moebius syndrome.Medical disorders: Hypothyroidism, obesity, end-stage renal disease, adrenal insufficiency, hepatic encephalopathy, diabetes.Other neurologic disorders: Neurodegenerative disease, structural lesions or brain tumors affecting thalamus, hypothalamus, or brainstem, traumatic brain injury, encephalitis lethargica, cerebral trypanosomiasis.Sleep disorders (such as obstructive sleep apnea or circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders, restless legs syndrome and periodic limb movement disorder.Sleep-deprived individuals will rapidly fall asleep if given the opportunity, whereas individuals with insomnia are unable to fall asleep, even though they feel fatigued during the day ![]() Insufficient sleep syndrome: chronic sleep insufficiency is due to volitional partial sleep loss or insufficient opportunity to sleep.In others, sleepiness can be alleviated temporarily by naps but reoccurs shortly thereafter. In some forms of hypersomnolence, sleepiness is associated with large increases in total daily amount of sleep without any genuine feeling of restoration. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common and treatable cause of EDS. Some of the most common causes of EDS are insufficient sleep, depression, medications, and comorbid medical and psychiatric disorders. The causes of EDS are numerous, and multiple factors may contribute in any one patient. Sleep deprivation (and/or reduced sleep quantity) is the most common cause of hypersomnolence at all ages, followed by sleep fragmentation (reduced sleep quality).ĮDS is reported by 10 to 25 percent of the general population. The term ‘hypersomnolence’ refers to the symptom of excessive sleepiness, whereas hypersomnia indicates specific disorders, such as idiopathic hypersomnia. In all cases, daytime sleepiness should not be caused by disturbed nocturnal sleep or disordered circadian rhythms and, when other sleep disorders are present, they need to be treated adequately before a diagnosis in this category can be established. the inability to stay awake and alert during the major episodes of wakefulness during the day, resulting in periods of incoercible sleep or involuntary bouts of drowsiness or sleep, is the primary complaint in the disorders included in this group. In severe cases, cataplexy causes patients to collapse and have wakeful paralysis lasting up to 1 to 2 minutes.Excessive Daytime sleepiness (EDS), i.e. Cataplexy is triggered by strong and usually positive emotions, such as joking or laughing, and causes temporary weakness or paralysis of muscles in the face, neck, arms, and legs. Narcolepsy is also associated with vivid dreams, hallucinations when falling asleep, disrupted nighttime sleeping, and sleep paralysis, which is a temporary inability to move soon after falling asleep or awakening from sleep.Ĭataplexy, which involves a sudden, brief episode of muscle weakness, is experienced by patients with narcolepsy type 1 but does not occur in narcolepsy type 2. While REM sleep normally occurs only in the middle of the night, in narcolepsy, it occurs during the daytime or at sleep onset. Most patients with narcolepsy also have abnormal rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, the period during which people have dreams. Although patients with narcolepsy typically feel well rested after a brief nap, sleepiness recurs within a few hours. Narcolepsy causes excessive daytime sleepiness patients fall asleep frequently and involuntarily while sitting still or during other activities. Shared Decision Making and Communication.Scientific Discovery and the Future of Medicine.Health Care Economics, Insurance, Payment.Clinical Implications of Basic Neuroscience.Challenges in Clinical Electrocardiography. ![]()
0 Comments
Leave a Reply.AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |